List of Illustrations
Acknowledgments
Introduction—Jay P. Greene and Michael Q. McShane
Chapter 1: The Limits of Expertise—Frederick M. Hess and Paige
Willey
Chapter 2: The “Failure” of Technologies to Transform Traditional
Teaching in the Past Century—Larry Cuban
Chapter 3: Teacher Education: Failed Reform and a Missed
Opportunity—Daniel Willingham
Chapter 4: Asking Too Much of Accountability: The Predictable
Failure of No Child Left Behind—Martin West
Chapter 5: School Improvement Grants: Failures in Design and
Implementation—Ashley Jochim
Chapter 6: Test-Based Teacher Evaluation—Matthew Di Carlo
Chapter 7: The Failure of Private School Vouchers and Tax Credit
Scholarship—Anna Egalite
Chapter 8: No Excuses Charter Schools: the Good, the Bad, and the
Over-Prescribed?—Matthew Ladner
Chapter 9: Too Big to Fail: “Big Bet” Philanthropy and Constructive
Failure at the Gates Foundation—Megan E. Tompkins-Stange
Conclusion—Jay P. Green and Michael Q. McShane
Bibliography
About the Authors
Jay P. Greene is Distinguished Professor and Head of the Department
of Education Reform at the University of Arkansas. Greene’s current
areas of research interest include school choice, culturally
enriching field trips, and the effect of schools on non-cognitive
and civic values. His research has appeared in academic journals
such as Education Finance and Policy and Educational Evaluation and
Policy Analysis, and in newspapers, such as the Wall Street
Journal, New York Times, and the Washington Post. He is the author
of Education Myths and Why America Needs School Choice.
Michael Q. McShane is Director of National Research at EdChoice and
an adjunct scholar at the American Enterprise Institute. He is the
editor of New and Better Schools, the author of Education and
Opportunity, and coeditor of Educational Entrepreneurship Today,
Teacher Quality 2.0, and Common Core Meets Education Reform.
McShane’s commentary has been published in the Huffington Post, USA
Today, and The Washington Post, and he has been featured in
Teachers College Commentary, and Education Next.
When Jay Greene and Mike McShane asked some great minds in
education policy to put their pens to our failures, they created a
great success. It is said that we all love the sound of somebody
else being wrong, but this book is about all of us. I loved the
lack of snark or accusation; this is honest critique of ideas the
authors hoped would succeed. Anybody who has contributed to the
failures in this book as I have will find it hard not to cringe,
but will be grateful for the lessons.
*Lisa Graham Keegan, chief executive officer, Arizona Chamber
Foundation; former superintendent, Public Instruction for the State
of Arizona*
Greene and McShane in a smartly-written book invite an educated
class of reformers, policymakers, and philanthropists to walk with
them to the back of the school line to inhale the aroma of failure.
Without relying on conjecture or hyperbole, two of America’s best
intellectuals and their colleagues methodically unpack a motley
assortment of public polices, programs, and partisan plans to
explain how and why success is never guaranteed in school reform.
We can learn a lot of lessons from past failures. Reading this book
puts us one step closer to the front of the line.
*Gerard Robinson, resident fellow, the American Enterprise
Institute; former Virginia Secretary of Education and former
Commissioner of Education for the State of Florida*
Jay Greene and Mike McShane have compiled a powerful assortment of
essays addressing the vicissitudes of the education reform era that
have led to major changes in policy but arguably marginal impact in
practice and outcome. By problematizing the question of failure,
Greene and McShane lead us to a new paradigm of change that
embraces the complexity of taking well-intended policy from the
design stage through implementation all the way to impact. While no
politician, policy maker or educator ever wants to fail kids,
Greene and McShane show that NCLB, vouchers, VAM, SIG, teacher
preparation, technology and philanthropic investments suffer from a
disconnect between intention and impact. Wherever you sit on the
highly volatile education reform continuum, this book is a
must-read for those who actually want to embrace the complexity of
public education transformation in order to improve conditions and
outcomes for our nation’s kids.
*Joshua P. Starr Ed.D, CEO of PDK International, former
Superintendent of the Montgomery County Public Schools*
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