Table of Contents

Preface: O. Chenal, Which languages for Europe? 1. Introduction: G. Extra & K. Yagmur. Part I Multidisciplinary perspectives G. Extra & Kutlay Yagmur: 2. Phenomenological perspectives; 3. Demographic perspectives; 4. Language rights perspectives; 5. Educational perspectives. Part II Multilingual Cities Project: national and local perspectives. 6. Methodological considerations G. Extra, K. Yagmur & T. van der Avoird; 7. Multilingualism in Goteborg L.Nygren-Junkin; 8. Multilingualism in Hamburg S. Buhler-Otten & S. Furstenau; 9.Multilingualism in The Hague R. Aarts, G. Extra & K. Yagmur; 10. Multilingualism in Brussels M. Verlot & K. Delrue; 11. Multilingualism in Lyon M.-A. Akinci & J.J. de Ruiter; 12. Multilingualism in Madrid P. Broeder & L. Mijares. Part III Multilingual Cities Project: crossnational and crosslinguistic perspectives G. Extra, K. Yagmur & T. van der Avoird; 13. Crossnational perspectives on language groups: Albanian, Arabic, Armenian, Berber, Chinese, English, French, German, Italian, Kurdish, Polish, Portuguese, Romani/Sinte, Russian, Serbian/Croatian/Bosnian, Somali, Spanish, Turkish, Urdu/?Pakistani?, and Vietnamese; 14. Crosslinguistic perspectives on language groups; 15. Crossnational perspectives on community language teaching; 16. Conclusions and discussion. Appendices

About the Author

Guus Extra studied applied linguistics and language development in Nijmegen, Stanford and Berkeley. He is director of Babylon, Centre for Studies of the Multicultural Society, at Tilburg University, The Netherlands and is Professor of Language and Minorities at the same university. He has been involved in studies on second language acquisition and first language maintenance and shift by immigrant minority groups in The Netherlands and abroad. He has published a variety of books and articles on these topics. Kutlay Yagmur studied English as a second language and applied linguistics in Ankara and Sydney. He investigated language attrition and ethnolinguistic vitality of Turkish communities in Australia and Europe, and has published a number of books and articles on this subject. He worked at the Middle East Technical University in Ankara and is presently a senior researcher and lecturer at Babylon, Tilburg University.